Tips for coordinated metal refinement
It is not uncommon to observe pronounced residual (difference) map features around metal ions. These features may originate from a number of possible reasons, such as: a) underrefined metal parameters, b) inoptimal metal parametrization, c) Fourier map artifacts, d) partial or/and shared occupancy, e) incorrect metal identity.
Provided that the metal identity is correctly assigned, refinement hints below may be helpful:
1) Ensure charge is in the model input file. In case of PDB file it is defined in rightmost part of ATOM record, for example:
HETATM 3241 SN SN C 3 5.000 5.000 5.000 0.25 41.55 SN4+
2) Refine occupancy of the metal.
3) If it is a heavy metal (has substantially more electrons than typical macromolecular atoms C, O and N), refine anisotropic ADP of metal.
4) If it is anomalous scatterer refine f’ and f’’.
5) Run refinement until convergence. Usually it takes more than default 3 macro-cycles, about 5-10 macro-cycles.
If the residual map features are Fourier map artifacts then there isn’t much one can do about it.
Fe-Ligand bond lengths depend significantly on redox and spin
state of the iron (which drives the conformational change in
hemoglobin). Could it be the state of your iron is different from
what metal_coordination assumed in making the .edits file?
eab
On 05/20/2015 07:03 PM, Emilia C. Arturo (Emily) wrote:
I'm refining a model at 2.9 A, where four chains are in the ASU, and_______________________________________________
each active site has an iron with a few ligands; the configuration of
this active site is the topic here.
Currently the iron-ligand distances are not ideal (according to
CheckMyMetal and the ideal distances generated by
phenix.metal_coordination), but they are within a range observed
previously for structures of truncated versions of this enzyme;
furthermore, the more the metal-ligand distances change towards ideal
distances, the more positive and negative density I observe in the
Fo-Fc, so it appears that this deviation from the 'ideal' is supported
by the data. However, when I use the 'Optimize X-ray/stereochemistry
weights' option during refinement, the metal-ligand distances change
(the metal appears to do most of the moving), getting closer to ideal,
and this generates more positive and negative density in the Fo-Fc
map). However, clearly it's nice that optimizing the
X-ray/stereochemistry weights reduces R-free (and keeps the R-f/R-work
ratio fine as well).
So what is the most appropriate approach here, in order to keep the
metal-ligand distances that best support the data, but still reap the
benefits of the optimized stereochemistry weights?
Some details of the structure and refinement are these:
The iron in each of the four chains in the ASU is coordinated with
atoms from two histidines, a glutamate, and a water (so four ligands
per Fe) and there remains un-modeled density in the iterative build
comp OMIT map used for modeling (because resolution is 2.9A and adding
more water (which is my best guess, given what truncated structures at
higher resolution show coordinating the Fe) does nothing to the Rf).
I am working with an .edits file generated by
phenix.metal_coordination. After some experimentation, I've left the
sigma values (for Fe-O and Fe-N) at default values, and added a
restraint for Fe-O (water), using an ideal distance of 2.3 and a sigma
value of 0.1.
Emily.
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