Hi Phenixbb members, I'm using Phenix PDB File Editor under Phenix GUI "Model Tool" to change occupancy of two short 7 polyalanine alpha helix peptide chain (chain I and K, placed in reverse orientation of each other in one region (or density blob) of my model, each chain half occupancy) , I can change the occupancy very easily with the tool, but I have two types of errors using the coordinates generated by the tool in Refmac. 1. If I set chain ID of chain K to chain I with the same residue number with half occupancy but in reverse order (Chain I, Ala7th--13th 0.5 occupancy and Chain I, Ala7th--13th 0.5 occupancy) , Refmac could not refine the model with an error message below: I am reading library. Please wait. mon_lib.cif ERROR : ALA : duplicated atom_name : "N ". chain: II residue: 7 ERROR : ALA : duplicated atom_name : "CA ". chain: II residue: 7 ERROR : ALA : duplicated atom_name : "CB ". chain: II residue: 7 ERROR : ALA : duplicated atom_name : "C ". chain: II residue: 7 ERROR : ALA : duplicated atom_name : "O ". chain: II residue: 7 IERR = 1 There is an error. See above ===> Error: Fatal error. Cannot continue. I understand Refmac can not allow two peptide chain with the same ID and residue number if both peptides are full occupancy (1), but why in this case even half occupancy of the same chain ID and residue number is not tolerated? 2. If I set chain ID of chain K and chain I half occupancy (Chain K, Ala7th--13th 0.5 occupancy and chain I, Ala7th--13th 0.5 occupancy) , put chain K and chain I in the same density blob with reverse direction, and run Refmac, this time Refmac can finish but gave me error message in log file as below: I am reading library. Please wait. mon_lib.cif INFO: link is found (not be used) dist= 1.486 ideal_dist= 1.240 ch:II res: 7 ALA at:N .->ch:KK res: 11 ALA at:O . INFO: link is found (not be used) dist= 1.625 ideal_dist= 1.080 ch:II res: 8 ALA at:O .->ch:KK res: 9 ALA at:O . INFO: link is found (not be used) dist= 1.584 ideal_dist= 1.400 ch:II res: 10 ALA at:N .->ch:KK res: 11 ALA at:N . INFO: link is found (not be used) dist= 1.397 ideal_dist= 1.530 ch:II res: 10 ALA at:CB .->ch:KK res: 11 ALA at:CB . INFO: link is found (not be used) dist= 1.153 ideal_dist= 1.400 ch:II res: 11 ALA at:N .->ch:KK res: 10 ALA at:N . INFO: link is found (not be used) dist= 1.820 ideal_dist= 1.524 ch:II res: 11 ALA at:CA .->ch:KK res: 10 ALA at:CB . INFO: link is found (not be used) dist= 0.888 ideal_dist= 1.530 ch:II res: 11 ALA at:CB .->ch:KK res: 10 ALA at:CB . INFO: link is found (not be used) dist= 1.808 ideal_dist= 1.530 ch:II res: 12 ALA at:CB .->ch:KK res: 9 ALA at:CB . INFO: link is found (not be used) dist= 1.764 ideal_dist= 1.400 ch:II res: 13 ALA at:N .->ch:KK res: 7 ALA at:N . -------------------------------- I do not know why Refmac gave me this message, is it because the two helix chain (I and K) are placed in the same region, even though both with 0.5 occupancy of both chain, Refmac still automatically tries to connect the main chain atom between two different chains (I and K) because main chain atoms are placed too close to each other (Refmac think there is a link between them?) ? 3. In summary, should I use Phenix Refine instead of Refmac to handle the pdb coordinates generated by Phenix PDB file editor because Phenix Refine may have better compatibility? Thanks in advance.