Hi Mark, thanks a lot for your positive and instructive feedback - it is very encouraging! Thank you! Yes, the automation of structure refinement is "a work in progress", indeed. But I believe we are making a good progress with a positive gradient! And the progress we have right now highly encourages us to make further and further steps. I honestly and, perhaps, naively believe that the complete automation in crystallographic structure refinement is possible and is subject of time and effort invested into it. I clearly understand and foresee how the next steps in automation look like and how they should be done, and we keep going towards achieving this goal. One of the things where I might fail is the time frame since all projected times for development should be multiplied by pi or, better, by pi**2, to be realistic -:) For example, it took me a few weeks to work out the math and code the basic bricks for TLS refinement, but then I spent nearly 6 months making it rock solid reliable, robust and failure-proof (compared to the other software options). Right now I'm working on real space refinement with the ultimate goal to have a dual-space refinement, where the refinement in reciprocal space (what we have right now) will be interleaved with the local refinement in real space. Hopefully, this will be an efficient tool for fixing local model imperfections that people used to do manually in graphics (putting side chains into density, etc...). Of course, it might be only possible with the power of torsion angle parameterization that Ralf is currently working on and is about to finish. You are right, 100% correct handling of alternative conformations is another big project that is in out to-do list. We did some progress in this direction but had to switch to other pressing things. One day it will be covered. And yes, sometime we need to write papers and make tutorial slides to make it clear what we are busy with (which takes a lot of "development time"), but it doesn't sound like a waste of time in the end! -:) Thanks again for your feedback, Pavel. On 3/8/09 7:43 PM, Mayer, Mark (NIH/NICHD) [E] wrote:

Hi Pavel,

These are excellent tools for students and the working crystallographer; no need to apologize to sending to BB. For the 1st time I understood value of automation in refinement. But, its still a work in progress, good for everyone these days, and perhaps puts forward an ideal situation, bit different from what some of us encounter in real life.

What would be great in future would be examples and discussions about how/when to go anisotropic at resolutions where this is clearly warranted but not for the the whole chain, (e.g. we have current structures @ 1.6 Å which still have loops with almost no density) so advice on how to define boundaries for isotropic and anisotropic refinement in single chain would be great.

It was also interesting to see in your PDF that building still plays a key role in structure solution; its obvious to anyone solving structures that manual intervention is still needed here. Definition for refinement of residues and solvent with coupled ACs still requires a lot of manual intervention after building and automation before refinement would be a real help!

Thanks again for all your contributions.

Mark Mayer

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