Dear All, 1) thank you very much for the help with the glycosylations. Blaine was right yesterday that I just forgot to set the last brace. As this is also a common question, I thought maybe the “manual” I wrote now for this issue can be put also in the FAQs .(lots I wrote is just pasted from the manual. 1) check if you take the right sugars. BMA is not same as MAN for example. good papers are: pdb-care (PDB CArbohydrate REsidue check): a program to support annotation of complex carbohydrate structures in PDB files Thomas Lütteke and Claus-W von der Lieth Data mining the protein data bank: automatic detection and assignment of carbohydrate structures Thomas Lütteke, Martin Frank and Claus-W. von der Lieth 2) check which links you need. There are already lots of predefined links in phenix stored in the file mon_lib_list.cif The full path to this file can be obtained with the command: % phenix.where_mon_lib_list_cif All apply_cif_modification and apply_cif_link definitions will be included into the .def files. I.e. it is not necessary to specify the definitions again if further refinement runs are started with .def files. Note that all LINK, SSBOND, HYDBND, SLTBRG and CISPEP records in the input PDB files are ignored. 3) Create a file which you can call whatever you want even the extension doesn't matter. E.g.: cif_link.params Put in this file your links: (Which Atom of residue1 will be connected to which Atom in residue2 is already defined in mon_lib_list.cif) refinement.pdb_interpretation.apply_cif_link { data_link = NAG-ASN residue_selection_1 = chain A and resname NAG and resid 500 residue_selection_2 = chain A and resname ASN and resid 297 } refinement.pdb_interpretation.apply_cif_link { data_link = BETA1-4 residue_selection_1 = chain A and resname NAG and resid 500 residue_selection_2 = chain A and resname NAG and resid 501 } refinement.pdb_interpretation.apply_cif_link { data_link = BETA1-4 residue_selection_1 = chain A and resname NAG and resid 501 residue_selection_2 = chain A and resname BMA and resid 502 } refinement.pdb_interpretation.apply_cif_link { data_link = ALPHA1-3. residue_selection_1 = chain A and resname BMA and resid 502 residue_selection_2 = chain A and resname MAN and resid 503 } 4) run % phenix.refine model.pdb data.hkl cif_link.params 5)Trouble shooting a)run iotbx.phil cif_link.params (this checks if the syntax is right) b) check .eff file the links should be added there. You can also check the . geo file if you see anything strange. c)Having unknown to phenix.refine item in PDB file (novel ligand, etc... (BMA is also not there) ). phenix.refine uses the CCP4 Monomer Library as the source of stereochemical information for building geometry restraints and reporting statistics. If phenix.refine is unable to match an item in input PDB file against the Monomer Library it will stop with "Sorry" message explaining what to do and listing the problem atoms. If this happened, it is necessary to obtain a cif file (parameter file, describing unknown molecule) by either making it manually or having eLBOW program to generate it: phenix.elbow model.pdb --do-all --output=all_ligands this will ask eLBOW to inspect the model_new.pdb file, find all unknown items in it and create one cif file for them all_ligands.cif. Alternatively, one can specify a three-letters name for the unknown residue: phenix.elbow model.pdb --residue=MAN --output=man !Check the file if everything is ok! Once the cif file is created, the new run of phenix.refine will be: phenix.refine model.pdb data.pdb man.cif Consult eLBOW documentation for more details. Check the file 2) From the command line everything is perfect now, but as I also want to know how to do this with the gui (version 1.6-289), I added the files BMA.cif file and the apply_cif_link.params together with my coordinates and the mtz in the Input files. But I get following error message: Screenshot-PHENIX errorcif.png Is this a Bug? Thanks again and kind regards Georg.